Automatic tripping safety device for electric motors.



No. 863,177. PATENTED AUG. 13, 1907. A. HERATH & I. HULTMAN. AUTOMATIC TRIPPING SAFETY DBVIOE FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 7, 1905 4 SHEETSSHEET 1.

lzvVlivroleS w mmeyg 2%, 863,177. PATENT-ED AUG. 13, 1907.

A. HERATH & I. HULTMAN.

AUTOMATIC TRIPPING SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS. APPLICIATIOI FILED ma. 7, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

[A ZivLmleS Z76 No. 863,177. PATENTED AUG. 13, 1907.

HULTMAN.

AUTOMATIC TRIPPING SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

A, HERATH & I.

APPLIOATION IILBD AUG. '7, 1905.

4 SHEETS BEEET 3 [NV NTORS 35% W WA oys No. 868,177. 7 PATENTED AUG. 13, 1907.

A. HERATH & I. HULTMAN. 7 AUTOMATIC TRIPPING SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS APPLICATION FILED AUG. 7, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SEEET WJTNES v railway cars.

' ried by the motor is thrown out of gearwith the gear out of gear with the driving axle, thus preventing the I axle, which is the almost universal method of support- To all whom it may cmtcem:

.UNITEU STAT.

(Illdli l llhl.

AUTOMATIC TRIPPINC-r 5-3 ciileu'bion intent.

ELECTRIC MGTORS.

Patented Aug. 13, 1907.

Application filed August I, 19166. Burial No 273,131.

Be it known that we, AUGus'rus linens and Iver: Humans, citizens of the United States, residing at Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Automatic Tripping Safety Device for Electric Motors, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in automatic tripping safety devices for electric motors, and pertains particularly to motors used on electrically propelled The object of our invention is to provide an electrically operated mechanism whereby the pinion carcarried by the axle when the current lifi become grounded by the wearing of the different parts and the current is cut off from the motor. The motor is thrown continued working of the different parts of the motor as the car is hauled under other power and also preventing the destruction of the mechanical parts of the motor.

Another object of my invention is to provide a more simple, "cheap and compact device of this character which is readily applicable to any trolley cor in which the motor is swingingly supported upon the driving ing the motor.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a. longitudinal vertical sectional. view of. that portion of the car carrying the motor and showing the motor supported in a position with the pinion in engegement with the gear carried bythe axle and driving the same and my device holding the motor in said position; Fig. 2 is s longitudinnlwertical sectional view; the some as Fig. 1, only showing the electrical tripping device thrown and the motor swung downwardly wit-lithe pinion out of-gear with the gear carried by the axle, thus allowing the axle to rotate without moving the parts of the motor? Fig. 3 is a rear end view of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the switch used on motor cars, and showing an auxiliary switch whereby the same is operated when the current is cut off from the motor; Fig. 5 is a .nsverse vertical sectional view taken on the line 1- of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of Fig. 4; and Fig, 7 is a disgrammatical viewof the main and euruliary circuits showing motor in action. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatical view of the main and auxiliary circuits showing the motor out of action.

Referring now to the drawings, 1 represents the oils of the trolley car, which, as in all electrically propelled vehicles, ismoun'ted in journals and has the wheels 2 rigidly carried thereby. Adjacent thereto jhe motor 3, which is mounted within the usual-c? and, asshown, is provided with an arm ing to and surrounding the shaft by means oi which the motor is supported at that end and permitted to have a limited oscillating movement on the axle, as will be hereinafter more fully described. The opposite end of the motor casing 4 is provided with a liorizontally extending lug 6, through which passes the vertically extending bolt 7, which is rigidly supported in n vortical position by the portion or bcmnB of the bogie oi the car. The opening in the log 6 is such that the some is free to move freely up and down upon the bolt 7. Surrounding said bolt, above and below the said lug, are coil-springs 9 and 10 which normally hold that end of the motor casing in the position shown in Fig. l; but permit the some to have an upward and downward movement to allow for the jolting and rocking of the car and prevent injury to the motor.

The motor 3 is ofsny well known construction and is provided with the ususlsheit 11, which extends outwordly through the end of the casing 44, and is provided with a pinion 12 that meshes with an enlarged gear 13. rigidly secured on the axle 1, and by meansoi which the axle is rotated, thus causing the car to be propelled The arm 5 of the motor casing has formed therein 2' circular opening in which is located a disk 5 through which formed on one side of its center a bearing for the axle 1. By reason of -this construction it will be readily understood that so long as the disk E is held in the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1 the distance between the center of the axle and the armature shaft willbe such that the pinion 12 will remain in mesh with thegear 13, but if the disk 5 is turned or permitted to turn in the opening in which it is located to the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2, the motor will he moved away from the axle so as to separate the pinion 12 from the gear 13, thus dis-connecting the motor from the axle.

14 are the field coils and 15.is the armature of the motor. 16 are the pole pieces of usual construction.

17 are contact pieces carried on the polepieces and having their ends extending inward so as to. be nearly but not quite in contact with the armature. These contacts 17 are insulated from the pole pieces 16 and are terminals of the circuit of an electroinagnet for operating releasing mec ism hereinafter described, the pole pieces 16 iorinihgihe other terminal.

In motors as ordinarily constructed, any wearing of the bearings oi the armature shaft, suilicient to permit the armature windings to come in contact with the pole pieces is liable to cause 2. short circuit and injure the motor. In the construction herein shown and described, such contact of the armature windings with the pole pieces 3.6 end the contacts 1! closes scircuit through the (flecks-magnetic device, as hereinniter described, n which the device holding the disk 5 in position is tripped, permitting the dish: to turn to the position in which it is shown in- Fig. 2'and causing the pinion 12 and gear 13 to be dis-engaged as above described.

In order to sustain the motor'when the disk 5 is permitted to rotate, an arm 18, secured to its upper portion is pivotally connected to the body 22 of the car, the arm 18 beii'ig so formed that its pivot is in a plane about midway between the axle 1 and the normal portion of the armature shaft 11.

Secured to the disk 5 is a radial arm 19, nornntlly lying in a horizontal plane as shown'inl ig. 1, this arm extending through a slot 20 in the arm 5. The arm 19 is held in a normal position by a toggle lever 21, consisting of two links connected at 24, having i s lower end pivoted to the arm 19 and its upper end pivoted to the car body 22, this toggle lever when in extended position holding the end of arm 19 firmly down, the links of the toggle lever when in this position being in I a straight line or bent slightly, past a straight line in a direction away from the motor. A spring is connected at one end to the arm 19 and at the other end to the car body 22 at a point near the pivot of the arm 18, this spring being adapted when the toggle lever 21 is tripped, as luweinafter described, to draw the end of the arm 19 upward, rotating the disk 5 and causing the motor to be moved away from the axle into the position in which the parts are shown in Fig. 2. Two springs 25 are preferably used, being connected with the arm 19 through a cross bar 26, as shown in Fig. 3.

28 is the tripping mechanism for tripping the toggle lever 21 to permit the spring 25 to act to rotate the disk 5 The tripping mechanism comprises a magnet or solenoid 29, securedto the car body 22 and having a core or armnture 30 connected with a lever 31 pivoted at 32 and having its end 33 wedge shaped, as shown, and arranged in position to serve asastop for the joint 24 of the toggle lever 21 when it is in the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1. A screw 34 bearing against a tail piece of the lever 31 serves to adjust its position.

When the circuit is closed through the solenoid or niagnet 29, the armature 30 is attracted and the lever 31 is swung on its pivot 32, causing the wedge-shaped end 33 to force the joint 24 of the toggle lever 21 rearward until the links of the lever are out of a straight line and no longer serve to resist the power of the spring The spring thereupon draws the end of the arm 19 upward disengaging the pinion 12 from the gear 13 as above described.

The wearing of the parts of the motor, causing the armature to engage the contacts 17, closes an auxiliary circuit supplied by battery 64 energizing a magnet and operating a mechanism, whereby the cut-out is automatically operated and the'current is cut off from the motor, thus lessening the chances of injuring the working parts of the motor. The said cut-out mounted on a plate 3.6, of some insulating material, and located on a suitable part of the car, is provided with a rotatable shaft 37, having the operating handles 38, by means oi which the cut-out is operated, it being understood that this is entirely independent of the controller and is adapted to cut off the current therefrom. The plate 36, has mpunted thereon three arc-shaped plates 39,

4G and 41, and connected to the plate 40 is the feed wire 1 Which passes out through the plate 41 to the controller, as here-mutter more fully described. (arricd by the l l 1 l l l shaft 37 are three ar1ns42, 43 and 44, so positioned that they are either in contact with the plates 39, 40 and 41, or out of all contact, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4, which fully cuts oil the current. The current passes from the plate 40 through the arm 43 to 44 and out through the plate 41 when in the position shown in full lines in Fig. 4. The arm 42 has its outer end of insulating material, and has, also, a Contact plate 45 carried by the outer end thereof and when the current is on connects the two poles 4G and 47 of an auxiliary circuit, as hereinafter more fully described. )arried by the upper face of the plate 36 is an electro-rnagnet 48 which connects with the auxiliary circuit and which is normally denergized and has its armature 49 normally open and engaging a catclr50, carried by the arm 51, and held in the position shown in ,Fig. 4. The arm 51 is pivoted at 52, which is connected to the said auxiliary circuit, and said arm has a coil spring 53 secured thereto, which has a tendency to draw the arm 51 against the contact 54 and close the auxiliary circuit, .for the purpose now to be described. The closing of said circuit energizes the magnet 55, carried on the underside of the plate 36, and draws the armature 56 upwardly and throws the opposite end 57 out of the path of an arm 58 carried by the lower end of the shaft 37 and the said shaft is thus free to oscillate. Citrried by the rod below the plate is a coil-spring 59 which, when the armature releases the arm 58, causes the rod to rotate and throw the/arms 42, 43 and 44-into the position shown in dotted lin s in Fig. 4 and thus cut off the current. I

Referring to the diagrammatical view in Fig. 7, in my said invention, showing the motor in action, 60 and 61 represent the main wires leading to the motor 3 and the contacts 40 and 41 represent the means by which 100 the current is controlled by the cut-out when it is desired to entirely out off the power from the car. As heretofore described, when the wearing parts of the inotor become so worn as to ground 'the circuit, a separate auxiliary circuit is closed by the armature 15 on- 105 gaging the'pole pieces 16 and closing the circuit through the wires 62 and 63, which, as before described energizes the clectro-magnet 48, releasing the arm 51 and causing the same, by means of the spring 53, to be drawn back, and closing the. auxiliary circuit through the poles 52 and 54, simultaneously energizing the solenoid 29 and electro-magnet 55 through mains 60 and 61, and the motor is thus simultaneously allowed to drop with the oscillating movement of the cut-out which through poles 40 and 41 cuts the current from the car. The movement of the cut-out also throws the plate 45 from over the contact points 46 and 47 and breaks the circuit, closing the circuit through poles 40 and 55 and thus preventing the battery or batteries (5 which supply the current to the auxiliary circuit from being lately prevents the motor from any injury for the mo:

- ing of the armature of the motor.

said armature for releasing said linked member 11nd alloweesnrs car. This is done to prevent the motor from injury before the cut-out can be thrown by hand and the tripping-mechanism for the motor and its casing is to pre vent the motor from being operated by the axle dur ing the hauling or pushing of the car from the place of the grounding back in the stable for repairs, as in the usual practice there is no wapior disconnecting the motor from the axle. The automatic feature absomerit, the motor is grounded ihc same is disengaged from the axle and the continued running oi the car by its own momentum would not in the least affect the motor.

Having thus l'uily described my invention, what claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The combination with a vehicle axle. of an electric motor gum-ed therewith. and electrically operated means whereby the motor is thrown out of gear with the axl by the wearing of the armature of the motor.

2. The combination with a vehicle axle. of an electric motor geared therewith and electrically operated means whereby the motor is thrown out of gear with the axle and the cut-out is thrown.

3. The combination with a vehicle axle. of an electric motor geared therewith, an electric cut-out controlling the current to the motor. and electrically operated means whereby the motor is thrown out of gear with the axle and the cut-out is simultaneously thrown.

4. The combination with a vehicle axle, of an electric motor carried by the axle and geared therewith. and means for automatically throwing the motor out of gear with the axle by the wearing of the armature of the motor.

5. The combination with :1 vehicle axle, of an electric motor eccentric-ally carried by the axle and geared therewith. and means operated by the wearing of the armature of the motor for allowing the motor to drop, whereby the same is thrown out of gear with the axle. i

6. The combination with a vehicle axle, of an electric motor eccentrically carried by the axle and geared thereto. means for holding said motor in a horizontal position, and means electrically operated for releasing said holding means by the wearing of the armature of the motor, whereby the same is allowed to drop and is thrown out of gear with the axle.

, T. The combination with a vehicle axle, of an electric motor eccentrically carried by the axle and geared thereto, means for holdin; said motor in a horizontal position geared to the axle, and electrically operated means for releasing said holding means by the wearing of the armature of the motor, whereby the same is allowed to drop and is thrown out of gear with the axle.

8. The combination with a vehicle axle, of an electric motor eccentrlcally carried by the axle and geared thereto, a cut-out for said motor, and-electrically operated means for simultaneously tbrowingjhe motor out of gear and throwing the cut-out to cut oil the current upon the wear 9. The combination with a vehicle axle, of an electric motor carried by the axle .und geared thereto, means for supporting the motor in a horizontal position,- and elecirically operated means operated by the wearing of the armature of the motor for releasing said supportlh g menns, whereby the motor is allowed to drop and be thrown out 01 gear with the axle.

10. The combination with a vehicle axle. of an electric motor carried by the axle and geared thereto, a pivoted linked member for supporting themotor -in a horizontal position, an electrically controlled armature for holding said linked member in such a position so'asto hold the motor in a horizontal position, and a circuit closed by supported in n horizontal position. an armature controlled by Inaznels for holdings-aid linked rut-moor in its ('Kiillillll position, and a circuit closed by I!!! wearing: oi thc :ll'llllilli'f,0f the motor for operating: said iuagucls for \\'ll|l drawing the armature from the linked member. whcreby the same may he moved inwardly by the weight of the motor and the same thrown out of scar with tho axle.

11!. The combination with a vehicle axlc. of an electric motor curried thereby and geared thereto. :1 cutout for said motor, means whereby the motor is thrown out of gear with the axle, and electric magnets holding the motor in gear with the axle :lllil cut-out closctl.

ill. The combination with :i vchiclc axle. of an electric motor curried thereby and geared rlicreto. a (about for said motor. menus where aid motor is thrown out of gear with the .ixle. cleciric magnets holding thc motor in gear with the axle and the cutout closed. and an anxiliary circuit closed by the wearing of the armature of thc motor for energizing said magnets for releasing-the motor and the cut-out,

14. The combination with u vehicle axle, of motor geared thereto, a cut-out for said motor.

an electric and means operated by the wearing of the armature of thc motor for opening said cut0ul.

15. The combination with a vehicle ur-zlc. of an electric motor geared thereto, a cut-out having a spring normally holding the cut-out open, an electric magnct huriuu an armature holding the cut-out closed uuaiust the tcnsiou of the spring. and an electric circuit closed by the wcurinu of the armature of the motor for energizing said magnet and releasing the cutout.

ill. The combination with a vehicle axle, of a motor curried thereby and ge: ed thereto. an oscillating cut-out having a spring normally ll lltllll: the cutout open. an clcctric magnet having utrurmuturc normally holding the oscillating, cut-out closed against the tension of the spring. and an electric circuit closed by the Qfllilig of iluarmature of the motor for energizing said magnet and rcleasuu: the cut-out.

12'. The combination with :1 vchicle axle. of a motor carried thereby arid-geared tbcrctol means for supporting said motor in gcar with the axle. an clcctrically operated mochunisni for lclcasini: said holding means. a cut-out for said motor and an vlecit'ically operated means for opening said cut-out simultaneously with the releasing of the motor to discngngc the motor from the axic and cut off the current from tho vchiclc.

1S. The'combination with a vchiclenxlc, of a motor car ricd thereby and geared thcrcto. clcctricully operated int-ans for allowing the motor to drop to disengage the same from the axle, an oscillating cutout having a coil spring normally holding the some open, 0' armature for engaging said cut-out for holding the Sillllu closed, and a. circuit closed by the wearing of thc armature of the motor for releasing said armature from the path of the cutout, wherebytlze current is cut 05 from the vehiclc.

15). The combination with a vehicle axle. of a motor carricd thereby and geared thcrcto. a cutout for said motor, a. spring for holding said cut-out normally opcu. an armature in the path of said cut-out ior holding the same closed against the tension of the spring, a magnet controlling said armature. and an auxiliary circuit closed by the wearing of the armature of the motor for energizing the magnet and releasing the armature and allowing the spring to move the cut-out and cut it the current from the vehicle.

20. The combination with a vehicle axle, of a motor eccentl'lcally carried thereby and geared thereto, means for supporting said motor in a horizontal position in gear with the axle, an armature for holding said supporting means in its normal position, a cut-out for said motor, a spring for holding said cut-out normally open. an armature in the path of said cut-out for holding the same cl l the wearing of the armature of the motor for operating ing the motor to drop out of gear-with the axle.

'11. The combination with a vehicle axle, of an electric motor carried by the axle'and geared thereto. a pivoted 'llnlted member for'euguglng the motor andpreventing the against the tension of the spring. and an auxiliary c rcuit closed by the wearing of the armature 0! the may: for releasing said armature, whereby the motor is allowed to drop out of gear with the axle and the cut-0ut is allowed to be opened by the spring, the two movcmentsrbeing simulraneous.

21. The combination with an axle of a vehicle, 01' a rear enddro m moving upw:"' by the motor is motor ecccntricaily carried thereby and composed of a rototing casing and geared to the axle, means for supporting the motor in a horizontal position geared to the axle, an armature controlling said supporting means, and a circuit closed by wearing of the rotatable armature of the motor for releasing said armature controlling the supportingmenns. whereby the motor is allowed to drop out of gear with the axle.

32. The combination with an axle of a vehicle, of a motor eccentric-ally carried thereby and geared thereto, means for holding said motor ina horizontal position, and an auxiliary circuit closed by Wearing of the armature of the motor for releasing said motor holding means.

23. The combination with an axle of a vehicle, of a motor eeeentrically carried thereby and geared thereto, means for holding said motor in a horizontal position, a cot-out for said motor, means for normally holding the cutout closed against the tension of a spring, and an auxiliary circuit 'closed by the wearing of the armature of the motor for simultaneous releasing" the motor and the cut-out, whereby the motor thrown out of gear with the axle and the current cut off irom the motor.

armature within a magnetic field composed of a sonar? 24. The combination wihlran axle of a vehicle, of a motor eceentrically carried thereby and geared thereto, -a linked member holding the motor in a horizontal position geared to the axle, an armature holding said linked mem: her in a downward positiom magnets controlling said armature, an oscillating cut-out for said motor and normally held open by a spring, an armature in the path of said (utout and adapted to hold the same closed against the tension of the spring, H gts controlling said armature, and an auxiliary circuit closed by the wearing of the armature of the motor for simultaneously energizing the magnets and releasing the motor and'the cut-out, whereby the motor is allowed todr'op out of gear with the axle and the cut out oscillated and the circuit cut on from the axle. In testimony whereof we have signed our names to the specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

AUGUSTUS HERATH. )IYER HULTM'AN.

Witnesses \l'n. Dnwnr LOUCKS, Gnonm-i G. Scrum-roux. 

